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Indoor to Outdoor Ratio of Fine Particulate Matter by Time of the Day in House According to Time-activity Patterns

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¹ÚÁøÇö ( Park Jin-Hyeon ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
±èÀºÃ¤ ( Kim Eun-Chae ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
ÃÖ¿µÅ ( Choe Young-Tae ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
·ùÇö¼ö ( Ryu Hyoen-Su ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
±è¼ø½Å ( Kim Sun-Shin ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
¿ìº´·Ä ( Woo Byung-Lyul ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
Á¶¸¸¼ö ( Cho Man-Su ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health
¾ç¿øÈ£ ( Yang Won-Ho ) - Daegu Catholic University Department of Occupational Health

Abstract


Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indoor to outdoor ratio (I/O ratio) of time activity patterns affecting PM2.5 concentrations in homes in Korea through a simulation.

Methods: The time activity patterns of homemakers were analyzed based on the ¡®Time-Use Survey¡¯ data of the National Statistical Office in 2014. From September 30 to October 2, 2019, the experimenter lived in multi?family housing located in Guro-gu, Seoul. The I/O ratio of PM2.5 concentration was measured by installing sensor-based instruments.

Results: The average indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations during the three days were 33.1¡¾48.9 and 45.9¡¾25.3 ¥ìg/m3 , respectively. The average I/O ratio was 0.75¡¾0.60. The indoor concentration tended to increase when PM2.5 source activity such cooking and cleaning was present and outdoor PM2.5 was supplied through ventilation.

Conclusions: This study could be used as basic data for estimating indoor PM2.5 concentrations with personal activity pattern and weather conditions using outdoor concentrations.

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Fine particulate matter; indoor air quality; indoor to outdoor ratio; time-activity pattern

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