Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: Low-Level Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Liver Cancer
박하나, 신승각, 주이진, 송도선, 장정원, 박중원,
소속 상세정보
박하나 ( Park Ha-Na ) - University of Ulsan College of Medicine Asan Medical Center Health Screening and Promotion Center
신승각 ( Shin Seung-Kak ) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
주이진 ( Joo I-Jin ) - Seoul National University Hospital Department of Radiology
송도선 ( Song Do-Seon ) - Catholic University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
장정원 ( Jang Jeong-Won ) - Catholic University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
박중원 ( Park Joong-Won ) - National Cancer Center Center for Liver Cancer
Abstract
Background/Aims: Multiple meta-analyses and observational studies have reported that alcohol is a risk factor for liver cancer. However, whether there is a safe level of alcohol consumption remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the correlation between low-level alcohol consumption and the risk of liver cancer
Methods: Nested case-control studies and cohort studies involving the general population published prior to July 2019 were searched. In total, 28 publications (31 cohorts) with 4,899 incident cases and 10,859 liver cancer-related deaths were included. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
Results: Compared with those with low levels of alcohol consumption, moderate and heavy drinkers (≥1 drink/day for females and ≥2 drinks/day for males) had pooled ORs of 1.418 (95% CI, 1.192 to 1.687; p<0.001) for liver cancer incidence and 1.167 (95% CI, 1.056 to 1.290; p=0.003) for liver cancer mortality. The pooled OR for liver disease-related mortality for those with more than low levels of alcohol consumption was 3.220 (95% CI, 2.116 to 4.898; p<0.001) and that for all-cause mortality was 1.166 (95% CI, 1.065 to 1.278; p=0.001). The sensitivity analysis showed that none of the studies had a strong effect on the pooled OR. The Egger test, Begg rank correlation test, and the funnel plot showed no overt indication of publication bias.
Conclusions: Continuous consumption of more than a low-level of alcohol (≥1 drink/day for females and ≥2 drinks/ day for males) is related to a higher risk of liver cancer.
키워드
Alcohol; Liver neoplasms; Meta-analysis; Risk factors; Systematic review
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